Selected Publications

Arias, M.C. and W.S. Sheppard. 1996. Molecular phylogenetics of honey bee subspecies (Apis mellifera L.) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 5: 557-566.

Arias, M.C., S. Tingek, A. Kelitu and W.S. Sheppard. 1996. Apis nuluensis (Tingek, Koeniger and Koeniger 1996) and its genetic relationships with sympatric species inferred from DNA sequences. Apidologie 27:415-422.

Azeredo-Espin, A.M.L., Schroder, R.F.W., Roderick, G.K. and W.S. Sheppard. 1996. Intraspecific mitochondrial DNA variation in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biochem. Genet. 34:253-268

Collins, A.M., W.S. Sheppard, W.S. and H. Shimanuki. 2000. A scientific note on the identification of honey bee semen using a mitochondrial DNA marker. Apidologie 31:595-596

Costa, M., G.A.R. Melo, and W.S. Sheppard. Molecular phylogeny of the stingless bees (Apidae, Apinae, Meliponini) inferred from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. Apidologie In Press

DeGrandi-Hoffman, G., J.C. Watkins, A. C. Collins, G. M. Loper, J. H. Martin, M. C. Arias and W. S. Sheppard. 1998. Queen developmental time as a factor in the Africanization of European honey bee populations (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 91: 52-58.

Gasparich, G.E., J.G. Silva, H. Y. Han, B.A. McPheron, G.J. Steck and W.S.Sheppard. 1997. Population genetic structure of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera:Tephritidae) and implications for worldwide colonization patterns. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 90:790-797.

Kamel, S., J P. Strange and W.S. Sheppard. A scientific note on hygienic behavior in Apis mellifera lamarckii and Egyptian A. m. carnica in Egypt. In Press. Apidologie.

Loper, G.R., J. Fewell, E. Erickson, W.S. Sheppard. 2000. Impact of mites on, and the introgression of Africanized bees into a feral population of honey bees. Hoopingarner Roger and Conner, Lawrence J. (editors) Cheshire: Wicwas Press, UC pp. 47-51.

Meixner, M.D., B.A. McPheron, J.G. Silva, G.E. Gasparich and W.S. Sheppard. 2002. The Mediterranean fruit fly in California: evidence for multiple introductions and persistent populations based on microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA variability. Molec. Ecol. 11:891-899.

Meixner, M. D., M. C. Arias, W. S. Sheppard. 2000. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in honey bee
subspecies from Kenya. Apidologie. 31: 181-190.

Pinto, MA, JS Johnston, WL Rubink, JC Patton, RN Coulson, WS Sheppard. Identification of Africanized Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Mitochondrial DNA: Validation of a Rapid PCR-Based Assay. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. - Submitted

Schiff, N.M. and W.S. Sheppard. 1996. Genetic differentiation in the queen breeding population of the western United States. Apidologie 27:77-86.

Schiff, N.M. and W.S. Sheppard. 1995. Genetic analysis of commercial honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from the southern United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 88: 1216-1220.

Schiff, N.M., Sheppard, W.S., Loper, G.R., and H. Shimanuki. 1994. Genetic diversity of feral honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) populations in the Southern United States. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 87:842-848.

Sheppard, W.S. and M..D. Meixner. Apis mellifera pomonella, a new honey bee from the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia. Apidologie. In Press.

Sheppard, W.S. 2002. Diversity of Africanized honey bees in the United States and the utility of mitochondrial DNA origins. In Africanized honey bees and bee mites II. ed. by E. Erickson. Westview Press pp 60-64.

Sheppard W.S. and T.R. Unruh. 2001. In search of a better bee. Goodfruit grower 52: 24- 26.

Sheppard, W.S, A. Shoukry and S. Kamel. 2001. Apis mellifera lamarckii: the honey bee of ancient Egypt in modern times. Amer. Bee J., 141: 260-263.

Sheppard, W.S. and D.R. Smith. 2000. Identification of African-derived honey bees in the Americas: A survey of methods. Ann Entomol. Soc. Amer. 93: 159-176.

Sheppard, W.S., T.E. Rinderer, L. Garnery and H. Shimanuki. 1999. Further analysis of Africanized honey bee mitochondrial DNA reveals diversity of origin. Genet. and Mol. Biol. 22:73-75.

Sheppard, W.S., M.C. Arias, M.D. Meixner and A. Grech. 1997. Apis mellifera ruttneri, a
new honey bee subspecies from Malta. Apidologie 28:287-293.

Sheppard, W. S. Subspecies of Apis mellifera. 1997. in Honey Bee Pests, Predators and Diseases, ed. R. Morse, 3rd edition, Cornell Univ. Press,

Silva, J. G., M. D. Meixner, B. A. McPheron, G. J. Steck. and W.S.Sheppard. Recent Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Infestations in Florida - A Genetic Perspective". In Press. J. Econ. Entomol.

Sinacori, A., T.E. Rinderer, V. Lancaster and W.S. Sheppard. 1998 A morphological and mitochondrial assessment of Apis mellifera sicula from Palermo, Italy. Apidologie 29:481-492

Strange, J.P., and W.S. Sheppard. 2001. Treatment thresholds and timing for the control of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies in Washington State. J. Econ. Entomol. 94:1324-1333.